1．
　　Lighthouses are structures along the shorelines of large bodies of water. For tourists, lighthouses can be an interesting place to visit, (1)      , and photograph. For historians, they are a window to the past and reminder of a different way of life. For sailors and ship captains, they are a sign of safety. They can protect a boat from running aground(搁浅)at night or other times when there is a fog or a storm.
　　Originally, lighthouses were built with rooms for the lighthouse keeper. It was the job of the keeper to make sure that it was always working(2)      . Although it could be lonely at times, it was an important job. Today, almost all lighthouses are automated, which means that there is no need for lighthouse keepers.
　　No one is certain when lighthouses first (3)      . We do know that lighthouses is probably more than 3, 000 years old. An epic Greek poem titled The Iliad was written by a man named Homer around 1200 B. C. In the poem. Homer refers to a lighthouse, giving modern scholars an idea of how long lighthouses have been a part of human life.
　　Early lighthouses were quite different from today's lighthouses. They were usually made of iron baskets that were suspended from long poles. The baskets(4)      burning coal or wood. In the 1700 s, these baskets were taken the place of by oil or gas lanterns. When electricity was invented, the lanterns were changed into electric beacons (灯标).

2．A. educational B. observe C. reference D. rough E. appearance
　　In 1822, a French physicist named Augustin Fresnel invented a lens ( 透 镜 ) that would prove to be very important in lighthouse technology. With the invention of the Fresnel lens, it became possible to make a beam of light reach as far as 28 miles from shore!
　　Lighthouse beam can be used to help sailors identify the lighthouse and their own location. Sailors can (1)      the patterns and lengths of lights from the lighthouse. Then they look it up in a(2)      book that will tell them which lighthouse they have seen.
　　During the day, sailors can identify lighthouses simply by their(3)      . Some are short and fat, while others are tall and thin. They can be made of many different materials, such as wood, stone, brick and steel. The patterns also differ greatly. Some lighthouses are painted with stripes or a series of diamond shapes that make them look different. Others can be recognized by their shape﹣round, square or rectangular.
　　Many lighthouses are not in use. They are sometimes changed into museums, inns, (4)      centers, or even private homes. If you ever have a chance to visit one, getting glimpse of history is worth the trip.

18．GARDEN CITY COLLEGE GENERAL RULES FOR ONLINE CLASSES
　　It is very important to carefully read the rules and cancellation policies of the online classes before beginning your class.
　　You should enter the virtual(虚构的)classroom at least 2 days before your first class in order to learn how to work within the system. If you need any technical support, you can call our technical staff during their office hours(From 8:30 a. m. to 5:30 p. m. on weekdays).
　　Make sure to log onto the platform 15 minutes before your class. We will not make up class time due to late arrivals. Check your course schedule.
　　It is strongly recommended that you actively take part in each class. Listen carefully and don't talk over with someone.
　　You should behave properly and have good manners. Being polite on the Internet should be as common as in real life. Respect other people's opinions. Besides, online privacy is something you should keep in mind when typing anything.You should stay away from anything considered not suitable and rude.
　　At the beginning of each new course, we will place you with a new teacher. This change will allow you to experience different learning styles with other teachers who are fully trained to teach online courses.
　　If your present teacher is not available to teach(due to sickness or an emergency). We will not cancel class. Instead, class will be given by a substitute(代替的)teacher.
　　These rules may change over time due to the changing nature of the online space

19．Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.
　　Dan and Michelle sat at a picnic table in the park on a beautiful fall afternoon. The air around them was filled with the sounds of children playing, dogs barking and people laughing. But Dan and Michelle(1)      the sounds around them and focused on the task they had set out to complete.
　　They wanted to start a school garden at Jefferson Middle School. It was actually Dan's idea. He had first seen a school garden when he went to visit his cousin in Washington. He was amazed at the(2)      of fruits and vegetables the students at his cousin's school grew. Dan thought it was the best part of the week. He loved putting on his boots, getting outside and seeing all the new things that had happened.
　　When Dan returned from his trip, he told Emily and Michelle all about what he had seen. Now the two of them were determined to come up with(3)      to bring a school garden to Jefferson Middle School.
　　Dan opened his notebook and prepared to record any ideas they had for(4)      Ms. Olly, the school headmaster, into supporting the idea of having a school garden.
　　"We are going to need an adult (5)      to be in charge of the whole operation, " said Dan thoughtfully. "I think Mr. Harrison might be willing to help because he often works in his garden and he brought in a basket of tomatoes from his garden last week. "
　　"To get this project running, we might also need to organize a bake sale or yard sale to raise funds. " Added Michelle cheerfully.
　　Dan nodded and made some more notes. "My cousin mentioned that the students at his school cook meals with the vegetables from their garden. We can do something like that too. (6)      , we can measure and weigh things and follow recipe. I am sure there's no way Ms. Olly could turn us down. !"
　　Michelle grinned, "If everything goes well, we'll be digging in the field in no time at all!"

20．Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
　　If you think of the jobs that robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. It's easy to imagine robot cleaners and factory workers, but others need human connection and creativity. But are we underestimating(低估)what robots can do?In some cases, they already (1)p        better than doctors at diagnosing illness. Also, some patients might feel more (2)c        sharing their private information with a machine than a person. Could there be a place for robots in education after all?
　　British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom:2027. He (3)p       robots will do most work of transferring information and teachers will be like assistants. Intelligent robots will read students' faces, movements and maybe even brain (4)s       . Then they will adapt (使…适应) the information to each student. It's not a popular opinion and it's unlikely robots will ever understand other people's feelings and be able to really connect with humans like another human can.
　　One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all. Teachers all over the world are (5)l       . In some parts of the world, there aren't enough teachers and 9 to 16 percent of children under the age of 14 don't go to school. That problem could be partly solved by robots because they can teach anywhere and won't suffer from stress, or get (6)t       , or move somewhere for an easier, higher﹣paid job.
　　Teaching is generally recognized as difficult and teachers feel overworked. Perhaps the question is not "Will robots take the place of teachers?" but "How can robots help teachers?" Office workers can use software to do things like organize and answer emails, arrange meetings and update calendars. Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work, (7)i        more than 11 hours a week marking homework. If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best.

21．Answer the questions.
FOMO
Posted 2 hours ago by Grade teacher
　　Everybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night's sleep every night. You aren't able to do your best and keep up with all of your responsibilities unless you sleep well. I'm sure you already know that you should go to bed at a reasonable hour. Most experts agree that the ideal number of hours is eight and this has been accepted as common sense for as long as I can remember. However, I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that﹣and in some cases it will be affecting your school work.
　　I read an interesting article in a teachers' magazine recently. They did a study of 8. 18 students in Wales Worryingly, the results showed that teenagers are facing a new problem. They may go to bed and get up at a proportionate times but a growing number are waking up in the middle of the night not to use the bathroom or have a snack but because of a new phenomenon FOMO -fear of missing out.
　　According to the article, school are suffering because of growing trend (趋势)to wake up during the night to check social medial. Afraid of missing a reply or opportunity to take part in a chat, teenagers are waking at all times of the night, going online and getting involved. All this takes place when they should be sound asleep.
　　Experts are worried about this g rowing trend and the report shows some worrying statistics that I'd like to share with you.
　　Age of 12 to 15-year-old wake up nearly every night to use social media. Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason.
　　One in three students are tired all the time and unable to do the work to the best of their ability.
　　Students who use social media during the night are more likely to feel extremely anxious.
　　So, I'd like to ask you to _______________.
　　The world won't end and your social media will be waiting to greet you in the morning I give you my word that you won't have missed anything important.

22．Write at least 60 words to talk about "How technology affects me". Does the development of technology affect you in a positive way or in a negative way? What do you think of the influence? How do you deal with it?
请以"How technology affects me"为题, 写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文, 谈论科技发展对你带来了正面的影响还是负面的影响．你怎样看待科技对你的影响吗? 你怎样面对这些影响呢?
(注意:短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息, 否则不予评分．标点符号不占格)