11． As you know, Latin America is a land of happiness and passion (热情). The sunny islands of the Caribbean (加勒比), the lovely moves of Tango (探戈) dancing, (1)       the wildlife of the Amazon rainforest are all quite (2)       .
This is not just a simple stereotype (刻板印象), but has actually been proven by Gallup surveys. Gallup did a "happiness survey" in one hundred and forty-eight countries. The ten happiest countries (3)       earth are all in Latin America. The survey questions didn't have (4)       to do with economics (经济) or politics. People (5)       if they had laughed, felt (6)        or had done something interesting recently.
According (7)       Laura Montenegro, a cultural officer for the Latin America country of Panama, it is the environment and people's personalities (8)       make Latin America a happy place.
Many of Latin American countries have a tropical climate (热带气候). (9)       , food and houses aren't important matters as they are in colder places. There are (10)       in the sea and fruit on the trees. This pleasant environment makes people's lives (11)       easy-going and cheerful.
Latin Americans know (12)       to celebrate life. They like singing and (13)      . The samba (桑巴舞), rumba (伦巴舞), cha cha (恰恰舞) and tango dance styles all (14)       Latin America. Dancers (15)       each other tightly and move in a passionate way. Dancing this way brings people (16)      . People often dance in bars, at parties and at all kinds of carnivals (狂欢节).
Late January (17)       early March is the carnival season in Latin America. People dress in colorful clothes. Brazil's Carnival is (18)       in the world. (19)       people take part in it every year. With its culture of friendly people (20)       are always smiling and celebrating, no wonder Latin America is the happiest place in the world.

12． We know good manners are important. Today I am going to tell you something about manners in different countries. I think you already know that people in different countries usually have different ways of doing things. Something that is rude in one country may be quite polite in another. For example, in Britain you mustn't lift your bowl to your mouth when you are having liquid (液体) food. That is considered bad manners in Britain. But in Japan you needn't worry about making a noise when you drink something. It shows that you are enjoying it. In Britain we try not to put our hands on the table at all during a meal. In Mexico, however, guests are expected to keep their hands on the table throughout a meal. In Arabic countries we must be careful with our hands. You see, in Arabic countries you mustn't eat with your left hand. This is considered to be very impolite. So, what should you do if you visit a foreign country? Well, you needn't worry. You can ask the native people there to help you and you can just watch carefully and try to do what they do.

13． There was once a farmer who was neighbors with a baker. Each week, the farmer would sell a pound of butter to the baker. And in return, the baker would sell the farmer a pound of bread. This went on for some time.
But one day, the baker decided to weigh the butter that the farmer had sold him. To his surprise, he found that the butter was not a full pound, even though he paid the full price for it. The baker was quite angry with this. He decided to take the farmer to court (法庭).
After they were in court, the judge asked the farmer if he was measuring (测量) the weight of butter properly. The farmer replied, "Your honor, I do measure my butter properly. And I measure my bread properly as well." The judge was confused at this. "What do you mean, farmer?" he asked. The farmer replied, "Your honor, I have been buying bread from this baker for as long as I have sold him butter. Every time I buy bread from him, I take it home and put it on my scale. I then sell him the same weight in butter. So if anyone is to blame(责备), it is the baker."
You may have heard of the "golden rule" — that is, to treat others as you would like to be treated. If you go through life cheating others, then you should not be surprised when you are cheated yourself.

14． We all know that language is an important way to communicate. When you talk with people or write a letter to your friend, your words carry some information. Do you think you can communicate without words? Of course, we can. We have many other ways to communicate besides language. Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad. A smile on your face shows that you are happy and friendly. When you put up your hands in class, the teacher knows that you want to say something or ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying no. You nod and people know you are saying yes. You put one finger in front of your mouth and people know you want to be quiet. Other things can also give some information. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take. A sign on the wall helps you find the way. Signs on doors tell you where to go in or out. Have you noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive information from them all the time? People can communicate in many other ways. An artist can use his drawing to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things. A musician can use his music to tell about his feelings. Writers use books to tell you about all wonderful things in the world. They all help us to know what is going on in the world.

15． A well-known saying goes like this: "wherever there are Chinese, you will find Jin Yong's novels". Jin Yong is the pen name of Louis Cha Leung-yung (查良镛). He was probably the most influential martial arts (武侠) novelist in the Chinese-speaking world. He was born in 1924. On October 30, 2018, the greatest writer passed away in Hong Kong.
During his life time, Jin Yong wrote fifteen martial arts novels. Over three hundred million copies of his books have been sold around the world. In this imagined world of jianghu, martial arts heroes fight for justice (公平) and righteousness (正义). Jin Yong once said that "wuxia (martial arts) is not so much about kung fu, but mainly about 'xia' : courage, justice and self-sacrifice (自我牺牲). He was not the first martial novelist, and will hardly be the last, but it was he who passed the spirit of xia on to several generations (一代) of Chinese people.
Jin Yong has won the hearts of many, from primary school students to university professors, from national leader Deng Xiaoping to billionaire (亿万富翁) Ma Yun. He touched many people not only through his books, but also through films, TV shows and video games. All of Jin Yong's novels have been adapted (改编) in some ways and "all of them are successful", said famous actress Brigitte Lin (林青霞), who once played Dongfang Bubai, one of the characters from Jin Yong's books.
His works have been a huge influence on pop culture in the Chinese-speaking world. And now, the writer has left us. However, the imaginary world he created and the spirit he honored will never die.

16．A: Hi, Tom, you look unhappy. 1.      
B: I failed my English test. I used to pass English tests, though.
A: 2.      . If I were you, I would think about how to improve it.
B: Yes, but I really don't know what to do. Can you give me some advice?
A: Yes, of course. First, after you finish doing it, 3.      
B: I did do it this time, but 4.      
A: Which part didn't you do well in the test?
B: 5.      
A: Then you should learn the words by making cards, read the words on the cards when you are free.
B: Good idea ! Thank you.
A: You're welcome.

17．阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空.
Many people know the saying, "Roses are red, violets (紫罗兰) are blue, sugar is 1.             (甜的) and so are you". Well, today the 2.             (诗歌) needs to be 3.             (change): "Roses are red" to "Roses are red, roses are blue". Australian scientists discovered that when they put a chemical from blue flower into a rose, they can create a 4.             (near) 100% blue rose.
For many years, Chinese scientists have 5.             (be) working on developing new kinds of 6.              (strong) rice and now they have produced a new kind, which is 7.             (call) super rice. Super rice not only can protect 8.             (it) against insects and diseases, but it also 9.             (生产) more than any other kind of rice. Today, farmers can grow one and a half times more rice than they could grow in the 10.             (过去).

18．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文. 文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处. 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分.
In most families, there are lots of argument between teens and parents. You want to cover your walls with posters, and your parents don't understand that you don't like the wallpaper anymore. Then you felt your parents don't respect(尊重) you and don't allow you to do that you like. Your parents get angrily because they disagree on your decisions. And some other thing﹣like the types of friends you have﹣can cause even big arguments, your parents will always be ready to protect you and keep you safety, no matter how old you are.

19．下面是Nancy 写给你的一封邮件,

请你给Nancy回信. 根据邮件大意, 写出意思连贯, 符合逻辑, 不少于80词的短文. 请不要写出你真实的校名和姓名. 内容要求:
Hi, Nancy,
　　How are you ? I am glad to receive you e-mail. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Pen pal