1．　　Around the world, there are (1)       people who say the first hamburger was made in their country. For example:
　　Some say that in the 1200s, Mongolian soldiers had (2)       time to cook their food. So they put meat under their saddles (马鞍) to make it soft and flat (扁平的) like the patties (小馅饼) in hamburgers today.
　　Others in Hamburg, Germany, say hamburgers came from "Hamburg steak" — a traditional German dish. The main (3)       in this dish is salty meat, which is put on bread.
　　One story says, in 1885, a man named Charles Nagreen was selling meatballs at a U. S. fair. The meatballs were very tasty, but were (4)       to eat while walking. So Nagreen put them between pieces of bread. (5)      , he made a new type of food.
Which story is true? No one knows for sure.

2．　　Some people say that today, reading is not as important as it was. These days we have photographs, films, radio and television. Why read a description of something when you can look at a photograph? Why read a newspaper when the (1)       news is brought to us every hour on radio and TV?
　　Photography was (2)       a wonderful invention. Photographs can give a very clear idea of places and of people that we have never seen. But we also need words to explain the photographs and drawings. A photograph of an elephant (3)       give us a very good idea of what an elephant looks like, but it tells us (4)       about the different kinds of elephants there are and (5)      they are found, their size and weight, how they can be useful to man and so on.
　　In the same way, a good film has action, movement, color, and maybe music. These are things we do not find on the printed page. But reading a novel has certain (6)       over watching even an excellent feature film. Reading a novel (7)       imagination. Each of us imagines a story differently.
　　Reading is very important for information and (8)      . We need to be good to readers enjoy a full life as human beings. Reading is a skill and like other skills, it needs (9)      . The more we read, the better readers we become. And the better readers we become, the more we enjoy reading! The secret is to get the reading(10)      . Read at least a little every day.

3．　　Last summer vacation I went back to Brazil with my parents and my little sister to visit the rest of our family. We stayed there for more than three weeks. On Father's Day, we bought tickets to watch my grandpa's favorite soccer team, Flamengo, a Brazilian sports club based in Río de Janeiro.
　　When they first told me about going there, I asked, "Why is it so special about going to watch it there?" But as soon as I got there, I was shocked! I screamed (尖叫), "Holly Cow! This place is huge!"
　　You might think that watching soccer on TV is the same thing as watching soccer in the stadium (体育馆), but it's a completely different experience. When you are in the stadium, and your team scores, all the people that are cheering for the same team will get up and scream: "Goaaaaalll!" Everyone would start jumping and dancing in excitement. It makes you feel like you are all one big family.
　　On TV, only the people that you are watching with can cheer with you. But when you are there, the huge stadium is full of lights. You are surrounded (包围) by a lot of people and you just feel somewhat connected to the people around you.
　　The best part of the game was when the opposing (敌对的) team scored, everyone screams and I would stand and shout loudly with them. There was a true feeling of solidarity. It was a special experience that I will never forget. I hope I can watch another soccer match again in that stadium with my family.

1.        The writer returned to Brazil with his family in order to watch a soccer match last summer.
2.       When the writer got to the stadium, he found there was nothing different from what he had imagined.
3.       In the stadium, all the people will get up and scream excitedly if one team scores.
4.       The underlined word "solidarity" in the last paragraph means "being like one big family".
5.       It was exciting and unforgettable for the writer to watch the soccer game with his family.

4．David's diary

Public transportation:

5．　　When learning is mentioned, regular school can be the first place which you can think of. However, the Internet is changing the way students learn. Many learning apps provide rich courses for the learner to meet their levels of knowledge and interests. TED is one of them. With the Internet, learners are allowed to learn at home or anywhere else.

Which do you prefer: Regular School or Home School?

　　What can you do to improve your online studies?
　　To successfully learn online, you can follow these steps. First of all, you should always keep in mind what you hope to complete by the end of it. Then, a study plan is needed. A good study plan includes a study calendar and a to-do list. Next, when having a class, be active to think about what the teacher says and express yourself. After class, remember to review what you have learned by reading your notes or making a mind map.
　　With the coming of 5 G, the cloud classroom might not be far away. However, whatever advantages online learning has, it just offers a way of learning. It doesn't take the place of any of the ways. There must be more ways of learning in the future. Nobody knows what will happen.

6．The team who reached the North Pole have been regarded as national h            .

7．My dictionary must be left in the music hall because I a             a concert there yesterday.

8．Lisa's parents always ask her to do things by herself because they expect her to be i            .

9．Sarah Amiri has been inspired by her own country's rise，as she has seen it develop r             with her own eyes.

10．W             he wins or loses isn't important as long as he tries his best.

11．W — Mr. Adam Watt; L — Miss Leaney
W: Hello, can I speak to Miss Leaney?
L: This is Leaney. May I know (1)             calling?
W: This is Adam Watt from the Seven Star Insurance (保险) Company. Thank you for your interest in our company. I need some more information from your side.
L: Oh, sure, Mr. Watt. Please go ahead.
W: You (2)             with a degree in finance (金融). Why did you ask for this job?
L: I read the job description and discovered a few interesting programs that I'd like to be a part of. They are challenging but well (3)             doing, just the kind of things I consider to fit me best.
W: I see. But given your (4)             background in Peking University, wouldn't you want to work for some bigger companies?
L: I (5)             smaller companies to bigger ones because a smaller business has the ability to deal with a changing situation in its service offerings. In a small company, our customers can get the service (6)             they want based on their own ages, jobs and hobbies. We can form a (7)             relationship with our customers as if they were our neighbors or relatives or family members.
W: That's very interesting. When will you be (8)             to start the job?
L: In two weeks. I haven't seen my parents for half a year and I've (9)             them a ten-day visit. I can start work as soon as I'm back.
W: Great! I will call you back in a couple of days about our final (10)            
L: OK. Thank you very much.

12．
　　When Robert Goddard was 17 years old, he climbed a cherry tree to cut its dead branches. He looked around (1)             and imagined going into space, maybe even to Mars. The year was 1899.
　　As a child, Goddard loved to read. He often visited the library to borrow books on (2)             sciences. He was a sick child and didn't leave high school (3)             he was 21. He later became a physics professor at a university. In his free time, he built rockets and took them to a field, but they didn't fly.
　　In 1920, Goddard wrote an article about rocket travel. When the New York Times saw his article, a reporter wrote that Goddard had (4)             knowledge about science than a high school student.
　　In 1926, Goddard built a ten-foot rocket, put it into an open car, and drove to a field on his aunt's nearby farm. The rocket traveled at 60 miles per hour to an altitude (高度) of 4 l feet. Then it (5)             into the field. The flight lasted 2. 5 seconds. The U. S. government didn't show much interest in Goddard's invention. (6)             his experiments, Goddard used his own money.
　　Over the years, his rockets grew to 18 feet and flew up to 9, 000 feet. (7)             made fun of him after he was successful. In fact, he became (8)             as the father of modern rocketry. He wrote, "The dream of yesterday is the hope of today, and the (9)             of tomorrow."
　　Goddard didn't live to see space flight. He died in 1945, but his work didn't stop. Scientists went on to build bigger and better rockets. In 1969, the American rocket Apollo II took the first men to the moon. At that time, the New York Times wrote about its 1920 article: "The Times (10)             the error."

13．　　Translation has long been considered hard work, especially for songs. Last year, my friends Rain, Frankie, Lann and I tried translating. (1)      
　　I chose Zuimei, which translates literally (字面上) as "Most Beautiful", a song from Yu Quan's first popular CD. (2)       Most of the time, we were arguing about whether we should use literal or free translation. I suggested combining (组合, 混合) them because I believed that both the expressions and the way of singing could be better understood. They agreed. So we brainstormed the title as Fairy because the word perfectly describes a pretty girl in the lyrics.
　　(3)      The word "fairy" was like a master key. It unlocked our minds and set our thoughts free. We could simply sing different parts of sentences or phrases while listening to the tune. Those were valuable bricks (砖块). Most of them were chosen and fixed to one another to build the "house" of the song. (4)       Sometimes, the lyrics were short, but our sentences were long. We tried our best to have them match while keeping their meanings. Rhyming (押韵) was truly hard for us due to our vocabulary, but we overcame the problem, even if it was not always perfect.
　　One night, during a self-study class, we performed our work for our classmates. (5)       I believe there are more treasures hidden in the future for us to research.

14．　　Cars powered (驱动) by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid (混合的) cars that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy (太阳能). Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars achieve the same standards as traditional gasoline cars?
　　Electric and gasoline cars look alike on the outside. They have very different parts under their hoods, though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars have hundreds of parts, often needing maintenance (保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to keep and seem to have fewer mechanical problems.
　　Electric cars are energy-saving, also making them cheaper to run. It costs about 1. 00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car while about 1. 25 to go 18 miles in a gas car. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.
　　Electric cars do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.
　　While some details (细节) make electric cars seem amazing, other details aren't as positive. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge (充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.
　　An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged. So, you would choose a gas car if you have far to drive. There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars. Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.
　　There are certainly advantages to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It's good to know which is more important to you?

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