11．　　Karl Marx was born in Germany on May 5th, 1818. (1)       he was a child, he was forced to leave his country again and again. He lived in Belgium, England and some other (2)      .
　　His mother tongue was German and at school he (3)       French and English, but he felt his English was poor. So he (4)       up his mind to improve his English. He began to work hard (5)       it. He made so much progress (6)       he could soon read English newspapers and write English articles.
　　However, there were (7)       things that he thought were too difficult for him — the grammar and some of the idioms (习语). He often encouraged himself by saying "(8)       I keep on trying, I'll make even greater progress." At the same time, his close friend, Engels, often wrote to (9)       him for his hard work in learning English.
　　In one of Marx's books, he gave people who were learning a foreign language some (10)       on how to learn it well. He said a foreign language was necessary for a person to have a (11)       future. He said a person should translate every word he heard into the foreign language he was learning. If he could do this, it would be (12)       for him to use the language freely.
　　In April, 1841, he (13)       his doctor's degree. After that, he began to write articles for a newspaper. He wrote about the housing problems of poor people and their hard life. (14)       he tried, he did his best.
　　During the 1840s, Marx and Engels wrote a book together. These words of theirs became very (15)      : "Working people of all countries, unit (联合)!"

13．　　Last summer holiday, Aunt Emily took us to a safari park (野生动物园), not far from Liverpool.
　　I was very happy to go as I had never been to a safari park before. It's a very interesting park, full of wild animals running freely.
　　When we got there, we bought our tickets and drove into the park. We were very excited at the thought of going to see the lions. But to get to the lions' place we had to go through the monkeys' land first. And that was an experience because they climbed all over the car, ate apples and bananas, and threw all kinds of things at us. They seemed very unfriendly.
　　Anyway, we went on our way to the lions' place where we had to lock ourselves in the car as we knew lions could be dangerous. A lion came up very close to us. The next thing we knew, it was on the bonnet (车盖). It looked calm but we felt terrified. Aunt Emily, who isn't very brave, started to call for help. The kids started crying. Only my brother, George, stayed cool. I sounded the horn (喇叭) but nobody heard us.
　　In the end a guard arrived in his car, and the lion just got off our car and started smelling the guard's hand as if nothing was the matter.

14．　　Chris recently completed a very unusual journey. Our reporter Mary met him at his home in south London and he told her all about the trip.
Reporter: What gave you the idea to travel around India on an elephant, Chris?
Chris: Well, it all started two years ago when I was planning a trip to India. I visited a photographic (摄影的) exhibition of elephants and I realized that the only way to travel around India was on an elephant.
Reporter: What did you do next?
Chris: I flew to New Delhi and started looking for an elephant. I needed an elephant trained to carry people. I didn't know anything about elephants, so I asked an expert for help. He taught me how to ride an elephant. He also helped me find an elephant.
Reporter: How long did it take to find a suitable elephant?
Chris: Not too long. I bought a female elephant called Tara for about USD 6,000.
Reporter: Can you tell me about the journey?
Chris: Tara and I set off from New Delhi a week later. We were heading to Sonepur in northern India where there is a big elephant market and I could sell Tara easily. And what a ride! Elephants can travel at about 6 miles an hour and Sonepur was more than 1,200 km away. It took us 64 days to complete the journey.
Reporter: Did you have any problems on your journey?
Chris: Yes, a few. But nothing serious. On the third day, Tara hurt her foot. But that got better quickly. Also, there was a lot of heavy rain during the first week and we got very wet!
Reporter: What happened when you reached Sonepur?
Chris: My plan was to sell Tara. But by now I was very fond of her. I couldn't take her back to Britain and I didn't want to sell her at the market. By chance, I met some people who wanted an elephant for their national park in southern India. I knew that Tara would be safe with them, so I gave her to them. I was very sad to say goodbye.

15．　　There are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad for our health in many ways.
　　Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. (1)      
　　With the increase in population and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. It makes our environment dirty. People put lots of litter into the land. In the fields, farmers use too many chemicals (化学用品) which destroy the soil. Soil pollution causes unhealthy food.
　　(2)       For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a noisy place for a long time. Too much noise can cause high blood pressure, as well.
　　Working in strong, changeable light for a long time may cause some kinds of illness. (3)      
　　With less pollution, our planet will become greener and our health will be better. Let's be greener people.

16．　　Scientists think that there has been life on earth for millions of years. However, we haven't found life on other planets yet. The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun. And there are seven other planets that also go around the sun. The sun and its planets are called the solar system. The solar system is a small part of the universe.
　　Scientists have launched many spaceships to explore other planets in the solar system.
　　Some spaceships have gone beyond the solar system. However, no one has discovered any life in space yet.
　　Why has no one from other planets sent us a message? Have they tried to send information to us? With so many stars in space, are we alone, or is there life on other planets in space.

17．从方框中选出合适的词，将其正确的形式填入短文，使短文意思正确、通顺。

　　In some countries in western Europe, such as France, Spain and Britain, the countryside is changing.
　　Life has become difficult for many villages, and some are (1)             now. There are a number of reasons for this. Firstly, young people from villages usually want (2)             somewhere livelier and they often move to the towns and do not (3)            . Secondly, people move to the cities to find work, as there are often very few (4)             in the countryside. Sometimes villages remain because people from the cities have bought a "second home" in the village, where they come and stay at weekends. The (5)             of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there. Another problem is that it is becoming more and more (6)             for farmers to make money from their farms. So they sell their land and find (7)             job.
　　All these things (8)             that many villages in western Europe are fighting to survive. We can only hope that they will remain. The countryside would be a sadder and uglier place (9)             them.

18．A: Hello, Kangkang. I have just called you, but you weren't in. (1)            ?
B: I have just been to a shopping center with Li Lei. I've never been there before, but I don't want to go there any more.
A: (2)            ?
B: Because there were too many people. We got lost and couldn't find each other.
A: (3)            ! Have you found him yet?
B: No, he has probably gone home. Let's call him up now. I really hate to go to such a place. Let's go to the Ocean Park next time.
A: (4)            .

19．在初中三年学习中，我们做过许多学科作业。请你以 "I like/dislike _______ exercises" 为题，根据所给的内容要点和写作要求，用英语写一篇短文。
内容要点：
1. what kind of... (like/dislike)
2. be good/bad for...
3. advice...
写作要求：
1. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
2. 短文应包含以上三个内容要点。
3. 词数80词左右。
I like/dislike ______ exercises