1．　　Florence Nightingale (南丁格尔) was an English nurse (1)       saved many people in the 19th century. She was named after the city of Florence in Italy.
　　Florence was (2)       unusual young woman for her time, because she didn't want to go to parties and get married. She wanted to be a nurse and help people. Her family didn't want her to become a nurse because hospitals at that time (3)       dirty, horrible places.
　　(4)       the age of thirty-one, Florence went to Germany and learned all about nursing. It was hard work, (5)       she loved it.
　　In I854, lots of British soldiers went to fight in the Crimean War. Army hospitals (6)       injured people, but there were no nurses and many soldiers died.
　　Florence and a team of nurses went to help.
　　Florence worked twenty hours a day (7)       the hospital a cleaner and safer place. She brought fresh food, she cleaned the beds and she used clean bandages on the wounded soldiers. Soon, fewer men were dying.
　　At night, Florence talked to the injured soldiers and (8)       them to write letters to their families. They called her "the lady with the lamp (提灯女士)", because she always carried a lamp.
　　When Florence (9)       to England, people called her a hero. Queen Victoria wrote her a letter to say thanks. She (10)       the honor (荣誉) — Order of Merit, becoming the first woman to receive it.

2．　　Henry Bond was about seven years old when his father died. His mother found it (1)       to support the large family. However, she tried her best to do so. Also, she (2)       Henry, the eldest son, to school.
　　At one time, Henry needed a grammar book for his study. His family was so (3)       that his mother could not afford one.
　　One morning, Henry found that a deep snow had fallen, and the (4)       wind was blowing. "Ah,"he said, "it is an ill wind that blows nobody good."With these words, he ran to the house of a neighbor, and offered his (5)       to move away the snow around it. The offer was accepted. When he finished the work, he received his (6)      . Then he went to another place for the (7)       purpose, and then to another, (8)       he had earned (挣得) enough to buy a grammar book.
　　From that time, Henry was (9)      the first in all his classes. He knew no such word as "(10)      ", and he succeeded in all he tried to do. Having the will, he always found the way.

3．　　Every year, we celebrate some special days like Mother's Day and New Year's Day. However, you might not be familiar with the following four special days.
　　Meatout Day
　　"Meatout Day" is on March 20th. Many people around the world don't eat any meat for one day. They think diet change was important because of the huge greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and other environmental problems. Also, join this day, you'll get healthier.
　　Earth Day
　　"Earth Day" is on April 22nd. Many people all over the world try to do something green on this day. In Italy, people don't use plastic bags. In Canada and Norway, people ride bicycles and don't use their cars. In the USA, people dress up like plants and animals and dance in Times Square, New York.
　　Buy Nothing Day
　　"Buy Nothing Day" is usually on the fourth Friday in November. On this day, many people don't buy anything. "Buy nothing" means "make no rubbish". When you make less rubbish, you can make a cleaner earth.
　　Car Free Day
　　"Car Free Day" is on September 22nd. It encourages drivers to give up their cars for a day to protect the environment. People get together in the streets to remind the world that we don't have to accept the society full of cars. In Brussels, the public transportation is free on that day. In London, they have special "green areas". Walking, biking, and public transportation are encouraged.

4．　　Do you often run outdoors to keep healthy?Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up the earth?Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win situation.
　　Plogging, a new way to exercise, began in Sweden (瑞典). The name "plogging" comes from two words — the Swedish word "plocka", which means "to pick up", and the word "jogging", which means "to run slowly". A Swedish man called Erik started the movement. He saw rubbish here and there when riding to work each day. He became worried about the dirty environment and decided not to go to work by bike any more. Instead, he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at the same time. To his joy, more and more people followed him and soon plogging became popular.
　　Many people choose plogging instead of just jogging because they think plogging is a good way to help clean up the earth. Sometimes rubbish is difficult to collect because it may scatter all around. But if the runners pick up the rubbish on the way, it is quite different. After all, many hands make light work. Another reason is that plogging burns more calories (卡路里). According to a research, plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns about 39 calories.
　　Everyone on the earth should play a part in cleaning it up!It's time for us to take action together. So ready?Let's plog tomorrow!

5．配对阅读 左栏是五个人写的微博, 右栏是七个人写的微博评论, 请将评论匹配合适的微博, 并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑．

6．　　In China, a lot of food is wasted every year and the wasted food is enough to feed 200 million people. The food is (1)       in restaurants, at home and in schools, etc. In restaurants or at home, people often order or cook too (2)       food. But they can't eat it (3)      . When they go out of a restaurant, full and happy, they never look back at the leftovers (剩菜剩饭) on the table again. Should Chinese consumers (消费者) feel sorry for the terrible waste?
　　In schools, we can often see a lot of (4)       throw food away after meals. Everyone (5)       supposed to have enough food to eat. However, in some places, the food is so little (6)       a lot of people died from hunger. (7)       China has tried hard to solve the problem of hunger over the past thirty years, the job is not finished yet. (8)       is important to us all. We can't live (9)       food. So it is necessary (10)       us to love food and try to eat up everything on our plates. When we eat in restaurants, we should pack up the leftovers.

7．Some good manners in modern life
　　Do you often use a cell phone? Do you take the subway to school every day? These items make our modern life easier. But do you know how we should behave properly while using them? The following suggestions might be helpful.
　　For cell phone users
　　◆Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And you'd better not use it during a meeting.
　　◆Don't send messages at a dinner or a party. You shouldn't play cell phone games either, because it's a good time to communicate with your family and friends.
　　◆Don't make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law.
　　For subway passengers
　　◆You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the subway.
　　◆According to subway rules, you mustn't eat, drink or smoke on the subway. The smell and noise may trouble others. It's necessary to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking is bad for your health and harms people around you.
　　◆ You'd better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn't crowded. Offering your seat to someone who needs it is considered as good manners.

8．为了践行社会主义核心价值观, 你校学生会决定举办以"文明礼仪伴我行"为主题的英语征文比赛, 请你根据以下的要点提示及要求, 写一篇英语短文参赛.
要点提示:
1. 尊敬(respect)父母, 帮助他们做家务;
2. 对人有礼貌, 诚实友好, 帮助他人;
3. 不在公共场所大声讲话, 不乱扔垃圾;
4. 节约粮食, 节约用水;
要求:1. 短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息(不要逐字翻译), 并在此基础上适当发挥;
2. 80词左右(短文开头与结尾已给出, 不计入总词数);
3. 文章中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名.
As a middle school student, we should have good manners. In a word, good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________