1．阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑.
　　More than 700 years ago, Scotland was fighting with England. The King of England wanted to control Scotland. He had a strong army, so it was (1)       for the Scots to fight back. Scotland lost many battles. Eventually, King Robert of Scotland had to (2)       from the English army.
　　One rainy day, King Robert (3)       in a cave. He thought that he was not good enough to be the king. He was so (4)       that he didn't even see the spider near him. He looked up when he saw the spider climbing. It was trying to climb up to its web at the top of the cave, but it (5)      .
　　"How sad!" thought King Robert. "The spider is like me. It's not strong enough."
　　He watched while the spider (6)       again. It fell down a second time.
　　"Be careful, little spider," he said. "Life is so hard. You'll (7)       get back to your web."
　　But the spider tried again and again. King Robert watched while it slowly climbed back to its web. After an hour, the spider (8)       the web.
　　"You are rally great," the king said. "If you can keep trying, I can too. I must carry on fighting."
　　Then the king's army grew stronger and successfully (9)       the English army.
　　Nobody knows if this is a true story. Many parents tell it to their children because they want their children to learn how to (10)       challenges and setbacks (挫折).

2．　　Welcome home! The Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft returned to Earth on Sept 17. The three astronauts were found in good health. Actually, the return journey was so smooth that Tang was seen playing with a pen in the return capsule.
　　However, there were dangerous and challenging parts that you might not know about the landing. While the return capsule entered the atmosphere, the temperature of its outside could be higher than 2, 000 degrees! "Real gold fears no fire," Nie joked as they experienced this. Special materials on the outside of the capsule kept the astronauts safe inside.
　　More dangerously, the astronauts experienced a blackout (黑障) period, which was caused by the heating. It means they lost radio touch with Earth for several minutes. Radar helped people on the ground locate the capsule.
　　When the capsule was about 10 kilometers above the ground, it prepared to land. At the time, the capsule sill traveled at 200 meters per second. That's twice the speed of high-speed trains! It was too fast to directly land. Therefore, parachutes (降落伞) are used to soften the landing. Even so, if a chute is too big, it might turn over, just like an umbrella on windy days. So the capsule first opened a small chute before pulling out its giant main chute 一 as big as 1,200 square meters! They let the capsule slow down gradually.
　　Sept 17 was Liu Boming's 55th birthday. He said it was his most memorable birthday. We can believe him!

3．　　Doctors recommend that kids spend most of their time being active outdoors and playing with their peers. However, that doesn't mean TV has to be taken out of the picture. These are several educational TV shows that help your children learn before and after they enter school. Take a look at these four TV shows that your kids should watch.
①Sesame Street
　　As one of the longest children's shows on TV, Sesame Street is still a favourite with parents. It teaches kids about sharing, being a good friend, and other important values. Additionally, words and letters are introduced through fun scenes and songs with favourite characters like Elmo, Big-Bird, Zoey and Coolie Monster. You probably enjoy watching this show as a kid, and your children can, too. Sesame Street has been aired on PBS since 1969.
②Super Why!
　　What kid doesn't like a superhero?Well, Super Why!has four of them:Alpha Pig whit Alphabet Power;Princess Presto with Selling Power, Wonder Red with Word Power, and Super Why with the Power of Read. This IV show teaches kids how to put letters together to make words and how to pronounce words when reading. It's great for kids from the preschool to second grade. Super Why!has been aired on PBS and PBS Kids since 2008.
③Thomas and Friends
　　Based on the railway series books by Reverend Wilbert Awdry, Thomas and Friends follows the story of locomotive friends who live on Sodor Island. There are large engines and small engines. It teaches kids to accept others for who they are and always do their best in everything. After all, the popular word of the show is "I think I can". Thomas and Friends has been aired since 1984. However, the show was tally redone in 2003 by ITV.
④Arthur
　　Based on the classic children's book series by Marc Brown, Arthur is about an eight﹣year﹣old boy from Elwood City. He has to deal with several situations that many children face today. For example, the show explore several health﹣related and social problems, such as cancer and other disabilities. The stories, along with the song "Believe in Yourself", teach kids how to deal with these problems and accept everyone. Arhur has been aired on PBS since 1996.

4．　　My best friend traveled to stay with our family last weekend. When she arrived, she went straight to the kitchen and, without asking, ate a spoonful of raspberry jam and some dried fruit. She wasn't being rude. I knew she would do this. We've known each other for almost 20 years. She can cat anything she wants from my kitchen. Indeed, I bought her favorite fruits and snacks at the shop that morning.
　　Our long weekend together was luxuriously (惬意地) simple. I was recovering from surgery (手术) and couldn't go to shopping malls. We passed the time running errands (做杂事), going to the post office and collecting dry cleaning We drank way too many cappuccinos. But we talked. About every little detail of our lives.
　　There's never been a quiet moment in our friendship. We've lived in different cities for almost a decade. Reunions demand constant conversation.
　　Our personalities are matched, to be sure, and a shared history is indescribably valuable. We were competitors in high school before bonding over a bad experience. Then we discovered the many interests that we had in common. Our friendship cemented (巩固) itself quickly. We stayed companions through law school, through our first jobs and our first boyfriends. We supported each other through break﹣ups and breakthroughs. Ours is a friendship for the ages.
　　There is something special about friends who know everyone and everything about you. They are rare. These are the people you've chosen to witness your life. They have seen the bright lights of achievement, the depths of despair (绝望) and the boring routine of the in-between.
　　It's special to unpack feelings and frustrations without wasting time fling in the blanks. As my long weekend shows, with such friends we don't have to "do", we simply have to "be". We drop the act, the performance, the public version of ourselves.
　　The special friendships are those which never fail to delight, the continuation of which is worth the extra effort, despite distance and difference sneaking (溜进) into your separate lives. I had the very great joy of this reminder last weekend. I'm lucky to have found this friend, to see a future where her companionship remains. Being together is perfection.

5．　　"What? You, too? I thought I was the only one." Have you ever said this to someone?If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.
　　(1)      . As the Greek philosopher Aristotle once said, "Some define friendship as a matter of similarity, they say that we love those who are like ourselves."
　　(2)      . Scientists from the University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported. The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same videos, which included a comedy, a debate and a soccer match. (3)      .
　　According to their scans, friends watching the same video clips reacted in similar ways. (4)      , especially the parts that are connected with learning and memory.
　　However, people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same clips. Having close friends whose brains react like ours "may be rewarding because it "backs up "one's own values, opinions, and interests," lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider.
　　(5)      . Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone.
　　They did an experiment with first year college students who met in class for the first time. In this experiment, students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends.

A. Meanwhile, the scientists scanned their brains to record their brain activity
B. However, not all the friends will react in the same way
C. It seems that similarity often helps form friendships
D. But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship
E. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos
F. Now, there is some science behind this idea

6．左栏是五位学生演讲中存在的困惑，右栏是解决困惑的建议。请为每个学生选择合适的建议。

7．阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．
　　Yuan Longping, a Chinese plant scientist (1)       is known as the father of hybrid rice, (2)      (pass) away on May 22, 2021. Yuan was the first person (3)      (come) up with the idea of hybridizing rice. He was (4)      (determine) to study rice just to make more people have enough to eat, so his interests were (5)      (extreme) focused on rice. He and his team made two major discoveries in hybrid rice cultivation in (6)       1970s. He helped China work a great wonder, feeding nearly one (7)      (five) of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total lands. They made a great difference (8)       Chinese agriculture.
　　In 2019, Yuan (9)      (award) the Medal of the Republic, the country's highest honor. Yuan is one of the (10)      (scientist) that have devoted their lives to improving people's livelihood.

18．最近, 你美国的笔友Tony在与同学的交往中遇到了烦恼, 他写邮件向你寻求帮助．请你以李华的身份给他写一封邮件, 提出你的一些建议．
建议内容包括:遇到问题多倾诉, 多与他人分享情绪, 尊重他人, 与人为善, 诚实守信……
要求:
1. 80词左右, 开头结尾已给出, 不计入总词数;
2. 可适当增加细节, 使行文连贯;
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息．

Dear Tony,
I'm sorry to hear that you have problems with classmates. I'm glad to help you.

I hope everything will go well with you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua