1．　　Have you ever felt uncomfortable?Many of (1)       feel uneasy when someone stands too (2)      to us, talks to us too loudly or makes eye contact with us for too long. But have you ever wondered (3)       those things make you uncomfortable?
　　It's all about personal space, which means not only the imaginary space around the body, but also the space around all the senses. People feel (4)      their space is being violated(侵犯)when they meet with (5)      unwelcome sound, smell or look. This is probably why a man on a crowded bus shouting into his mobile phone or a woman next to you putting on strong perfume(香水)makes you feel (6)      .
　　Whether people have had a stronger wish (7)      their personal space or not in recent times is hard to say. Yet studies of airlines show that people have a strong desire(渴望)to have space to themselves. In a survey by Trip Advisor , a travel website, people said that if they had to pay more for some extra service, they would rather (8)      larger seats than extra food.
　　Although people may need their personal space (9)      some hardly realize it. For example, people on a bus who hold newspapers in front of their faces to read in fact stay away (10)      strangers (11)      and watch a library table, and you will notice that one of the corner seats will usually (12)      first, because they are the farthest way. What will you do if someone (13)      opposite to you?Maybe you will pile up books as if to make a wall.
　　Preferences for personal space are different from culture to culture. Scientists have found that Americans generally prefer more personal space than people from (14)      cultures. In Latin (拉丁的) cultures (15)      , people are more comfortable standing near each other.

2．　　When I was fifteen, I went to a summer camp. There were lots of great (1)      but there was one thing I was really scared (害怕) about:climbing the wall.
　　The wall is a kind of rock that people use to learn how to climb. It is very tall. We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldn't get to the top because I am (2)      heights. I was ashamed and I didn't want anyone to know that I was scared. I thought they would all laugh at me. I made a (an) (3)      : "I'm not scared, you know, I suffer from vertigo (恐高症)."
　　The day came. It was time to climb the wall. The sun was shining but everyone was very quiet that morning. I took photographs at the bottom of the wall and tried to (4)      . Everyone in the group went up. Then the moment came. It was my turn. I was so scared that all I could think about was my excuse. Someone said, "Shall I take your camera? " and I answered, "I'm not scared, you know. I suffer from vertigo". The (5)      was that I was more than scared, I was terrified (吓坏了). The camp leader said, "Don't worry, you don't have to do anything you don't want to do. "I was surprised. Everyone was understanding. No one (6)      .
　　The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to (7)      the wall on my own without the others watching. Although I was still very nervous, I (8)      and climbed slowly to the top with his help. I was still shaking when I came (9)      , but I was really happy and relieved too. For me, climbing the wall was a real (10)      .

3．　　Enjoy a glass of champagne(香槟)as you spend a day in the famous champagne city on a trip from Paris. With its wonderful garden, amazing view and world﹣class champagnes, the place makes a great visit.
　　The quiet city of Reims is known all over the world for its champagne. In the morning, your tour of Reims includes a visit to some famous public building there. Then you will go to the Mumm Champagne House for an interesting visit and a tasting of the famous Cordon Rouge Champagne before lunch. In the afternoon, enjoy the sights of grapes between Reims and Epernay. At Epernay you will visit the famous wine cellars(酒窖)of Moet&Chandon with the chance to taste their wine.
　　Of course, your guide is ready for any service you could need during the tour. Feel free to ask him or her!

　　This tour must be booked at least 7 days before your travel date. And only English is used unless specially stated.

4．　　Almost every kid in this country has ever eaten Hershey chocolate. But do you know that the Hershey chocolate factory is more than one hundred years old?And do you know that the father of Hershey Chocolate, Milton Hershey, had many failures in business before he started his famous company?
　　Milton Hershey was born in 1857 in central Pennsylvania. He stopped attending school when he was 12 years old. Before he became interested in making chocolate, he worked as a printer for a small newspaper at first, but he didn't like it. Then he decided that printing was not the right job for him.
　　Then he worked at a candy factory in Lancaster. After working for a few years there, he decided to open his own little candy business near Philadelphia. His first business failed because it was not making money. After that, he went to Denver to learn how to make caramels (焦糖). He took his new skills back to New York and worked selling candies on the street. But his second business also failed.
　　Finally, Milton Hershey moved back to Pennsylvania where he grew up. He then experimented with all sorts of different candies and chocolate. By 1893 he was selling a million dollars worth of caramel candy each year. Since his chocolate﹣flavored caramels were the best-selling, he decided to make chocolate himself.
　　By experimenting, Milton Hershey discovered how to make delicious chocolate. The area where he lived had a large and easy supply of milk and sugar, which helped him succeed in his chocolate business. In 1903, Milton Hershey built a huge chocolate factory and a town to go with it.
　　Today, the town of Hershey is still the home of the factory that Milton Hershey built. The streetlights are shaped like the candy. The air often smells like chocolate. And if you ever visit it, you can smell delicious chocolate smells just by driving through the town.
　　The factory is not so hard to find, just travel down Cocoa Avenue until you get to East Chocolate Avenue. Turn right at the traffic lights and just follow your nose.

5．　　I teach economics in a university three times per week. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I asked my students how their weekend had been. One young man said that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisdom teeth (智齿)removed. Then he went on to ask me why I always seemed to be so cheerful.
　　His question reminded me of something I'd read somewhere before:Every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to live that day. I said, "I choose to be cheerful."
　　"Let me give you an example," I continued. "Besides teaching here, I also teach at a college in Henderson, 17 miles down the freeway from where I live. One day a few weeks ago I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive. I only had to drive another quarter mile down the road to the college. But just then my car died. I tried to start it again, but the engine wouldn't work. So I put my flashes on, took my books, and walked down the road to the college. When I got there, I called AAA (汽车协会) and asked for a tow truck to meet me at my car after class. The secretary there asked me what had happened. "This is my lucky day, " I replied, smiling.
　　"Your car breaks down and today is your lucky day? What do you mean?"
　　"My car could have broken down anywhere along the freeway. It didn't, " I replied. "Instead, it broke down at the perfect place:off the freeway, within walking distance of here. I'm still able to teach my class, and I've been able to ask for the tow truck to meet me after class!If my car was meant to break down today, it couldn't have been        in a more convenient way. "
　　I ended my story. In spite of the early hour, no one in my class seemed to be asleep. Somehow, my story had touched them.

6．　　Nowadays, the food that you buy comes from many from different countries. Have a look in your fridge, cupboard, and fruit bowl and check the origins (来源) of the food. Perhaps there are apples from California, lamb from New Zealand, or potatoes from Egypt?You will probably be surprised how far food travels to get to your plate. This journey, from "field to plate", is called"food miles". A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer's field to the person who buys the food. Nowadays, food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumers. Why is this, and what are the effects of these long distances?
　　Traditionally, farmers sold their food in the local market, so the food didn't have to travel very far. The consumers also did not travel very far because they went to their local market to buy the food. This was a good system for farmers and consumers. However, there were some disadvantages. For example, consumers could only buy food that farmers produced locally. In addition, they could only get food that was in season. Now, because of modern technology, food comes from all over the world. We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes. They are available in winter if we want.
　　Some countries have to import (进口) most of their food. This is because they have difficult climates. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), for example, gets 85%of its food from other countries. Even food made in the UAE often uses imported material.
　　What is wrong with "food miles"?Is this not a good way of increasing international trade?I believe these miles are worrying for a number of reasons. First of all, because food travels such long distances, we need more planes, lorries and ships to move the food. This means we use more oil or petrol, so there is more pollution and more global(全球的)warming. In addition, food that travels a long way is not fresh and usually not very tasty. Tomatoes, for example, are picked early and stored for their long journeys. For this reason, they are usually tasteless when they get to the consumer. Local food has a better taste, and it also reduces the amount of global pollution. We need to buy more local food.

7．More youth are saying 'no' to meat, 'yes' to veggies
　　Sticking to a vegan diet might sound difficult. But in recent years, veganism (素食主义) has become a more popular lifestyle in many places. (1)       In the UK, about 542, 000 people turned vegan during the last decade.
　　So why exactly has veganism become so popular? (2)       The heat used to keep barns (畜棚) warm, the machines that process meat and even the animals' farts (屁) can result in more greenhouse gases. These factors are believed to account for 18 percent of the world's greenhouse gas emissions, according to a 2013 study by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization. (3)       A growing number of people are also deciding that it's wrong to kill animals for food, according to BBC News. Jess Murray, 22, is a student from London. He said that humans do not need to eat animals to survive. He believes whether to eat animals or not is an ethical (道德的) choice and has therefore chosen to become vegan.
　　(4)       Vegan famous people are able to use social media to spread their message and share tips about living a vegan lifestyle.
　　But experts also want to remind people that meat is important for our health. A strict vegan diet cannot always offer the minerals and vitamins that a human body needs, depending on one's dietary choices. (5)      .
A. So you may want to think it through before you decide to become a vegan.
B. This amount is even greater than that of all the world's cars, trains and planes together.
C. According to Huff Post, more than 3 million people in the US are vegans.
D. Social media is also believed to be behind the increase in veganism, according to BBC News.
E. One reason could be that people want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放).

8．　　School counselors (咨询师) are the people you can turn to when you need help. They know how to listen and can help kids with life's challenges. Counselors have special training in how to help kids (1)s       problems, make (2)d        and stand up for themselves.
　　If someone was bullying you, for example, the counselor would talk to you about it and could give you some advice. The counselor may also talk to the bully (欺凌) and maybe even to the kids who saw what happened. The counselor might talk with your teacher and your parents about the problems as well. (3)T       this may feel a little uncomfortable, facing the problem and trying to (4)c       it is better than living with a bad situation. With the counselor's help, you don't face difficult school problems alone. And you may feel (5)r      finally.

14．学校将举行"给学弟学妹的一封信"的英语征文活动. 你打算投稿, 请根据以下内容提示写一篇短文. 要求包含以下内容并适当发挥.
1. 形成良好的学习习惯:听讲、复习;
2. 保持健康的生活方式:饮食、起居;
3. 处理好跟他人的关系:友善、分享;
4. 其他建议…(至少2条建议)
注意:
1. 词数80个左右(文章的开头已给出, 不计入词数)
2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息, 否则不予评分
Dear fellow schoolmates,
　　Now we will leave our school and enter a senior middle school. I have some personal suggestions to share with you.…