13． Do you know how English people get their family names? Everyone has a family name. But what does it mean? What do family names come from?
First, some family names come from the places of their homes. If a man lives on or near a (1)       , his family name may be Hill. In England, people's names may be Wood, Lake, because they (2)       near the wood or lake.
Second, family names come from a person's (3)       . If a person is a cook, his family name may be Cook.
Third, many people get their family names from their father's given name. For example, if you hear the name of "(4)       " , you know that he is the son of Jack.

14． One day, a boy had a fight with one of his classmates at school. After school he went to his (1)       and told him his story angrily. "He is really bad," the boy said, "and I hate him."
The grandfather said, "Let me tell you a story. When I was a boy, I also sometimes hated others for what they did. But hate will make you feel (2)       and no one would like to make friends with people who easily hate others. It doesn't hurt your enemy (敌人), but only hurts yourself. "
As the boy listened carefully, the grandfather went on, "There are always two tigers inside my hear. One is good and (3)       . He gets on well with everything around him. But the other is bad and unfriendly. He is full of anger. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. He argues and fights with everyone all the time, and for no reasons. He can't think carefully because he always hates others. It is difficult to live with these two tigers inside my heart. They both try to control (控制) me.
The little boy looked into his grandfather's eyes and asked, "Grandpa, can you tell me which tiger always (4)       you?"
The old man said slowly in a serious voice, "The one that I feed. I always feed the good and kind tiger, so I never hate others and seldom get angry now.

15． Have a look at the following advertisements! You may find some useful information you need here!

16． Fire can be very dangerous. We should be careful with it. This is what to do in a fire:
●Shout out. Shout as loudly as you can, because people may be asleep.
●Call 119. Don't try to put out the fire yourself. Tell 119 where you are and what is on fire.
●Keep down next to the floor. There is less smoke down there, so it's easier to breathe ( 呼吸) and see where you are going.
●Test the door. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it! Try to find different way out.
●Get out. Do not stop to pick up anything. A fire can become very big in a few seconds!.
●Don't use the lift (电梯). Always use the stairs (楼梯). The lift may go wrong and keep you inside.
●Don't go back. Even if your pet is still inside, do not go back for it. Animals have a very good sense (感觉) of smell. They often get away from buildings before people.

17． Sorting trash (垃圾分类) is good for us.
Take a look at the trash bins (垃圾桶) outside of your house. They often come in different colors. But this isn't just for fun — those colors tell you how you should sort your trash.
Not all trash is the same. There is household trash (厨余垃圾) — things like banana peels and leftover food. There's harmful (有害的)trash, such as batteries. And then there's recyclable (可回收的)trash, like plastic bottles. It's important to sort these kinds of trash correctly.
Sorting trash can help us in many ways. We can make sure that harmful things , such as batteries, don't pollute (污染) our ground and water. We can reuse some trash, such as paper, metal, glass and old clothes, to make new things.
How do we sort trash?
It's easy. You can have three bins in your home－ －one each for household, harmful and recyclable trash. Do your part for our world.
How other countries sort trash?
Countries around the world have found many different ways to take care of their trash. For example, in the UK, there are now"smart"trash bins. These bins can sort trash by themselves. People just need to drop their trash into the bin and it will take care of the rest.
In Japan, people are very careful about sorting their trash. In some parts of the country, people sorted trash into more than 30 different types. This makes Japan a very clean country.
Where does your garbage (生活垃圾;废物) go?
Do you know where your trash goes after you throw it away?It usually ends up in one of three places. Most trash goes to landfills (垃圾填埋场). They are usually far away from where people live. Recycled trash goes to recycling centers. These centers" use the trash t0 make new things. Finally, some trash goes to "waste－lo－energy plants (工厂). These plants burn the trash and turn it into energy.

18． How should we greet people?
The epidemic (流行病) has changed our lives in different ways － the way we study, work, or even how we greet each other and celebrate holidays. Now people around the world are coming up with new greetings to stay safe.
Can tapping (轻敲) feet be a way to greet others? What about winking (眨眼)? It might sound a little strange. But the new coronavirus (冠状病毒) is infectious (传染性的). To help stop is spread, people are giving up their usual greeting styles and thinking of some safer ways. Let's take a look !
No more kisses
Lean (倾斜身体) forward, touch cheeks and make a kissing sound. This is the French way of greeting. But when facing the virus, too many kisses are not good.
France has suggested that people should not kiss each other on the cheeks. French etiquette expert ( 礼仪专家) Philippe Lichtfus gives everyone in France a suggestion:simply looking into a person's eyes can be a greeting.
Wink at others.
Like the French, Italians often hug or kiss each other when greeting. Recently, an Italian woman made a video to help everyone fight the disease.
According to her, if you want to say hello to others, do not hug or kiss. Instead, you can wink at them with one eye. I's a cute way of greeting.
Pat ( 轻拍) on the back
It's a very Australian thing to shake hands. But if you do this during the epidemic, the virus can jump from one person to another. A health official in Australia named Brad Hazzard said a pat on the back might be better. But it might not be a proper greeting for everyone. For example, it's a bit impolite if you do this to your teacher. W hat do you think?
Tapping feet together
There is a new way to greet others that is now popular in Iran, according to a popular video. In the video, three Iranian men meet and lap their feet together. They wear masks and put their hands in their pockets (口袋). It looks like they are playing a fun game.
If we cannot shake hands, why not try to" shake"feet? There is a similar (相似的) video from Lebanon. It shows two celebrities (名人) tapping their feet against each other while making kissing sounds with their mouths.
Did you know?
Sylvie Briand is the World Health Organization's director of the pandemic and epidemic diseases department ( 世卫组织传染病危害管理部门主管). She suggested that we can use three greetings:

19． Doctor Seuss was born in 1904. By the middle 1950s, he had become one of the best－loved and most successful children's book writers in the world. His books are very popular with young readers. They enjoy the invented words and the pictures of unusual funny animals and plants.
In 1954, life magazine published (刊登) a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children's books were not interesting. Doctor Seuss strongly hoped to help children and decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read. He used words with the same ending sound, like fish and wish. He did not receive training in art. Yet, he drew the pictures for most of his books.
In 1957, Dr. Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat. He used less than 230words to write the book and even a six－year－old should be able to read it. It was a fun story and easy to read. Children loved it. Their parents loved it, too. Today it is still one of the stories they like best. The success of The Cat in the Hat made him want to write more books for children. In 1960, he wrote a book using less than fifty words. The book is called Green Eggs and Ham.
In 1984, Doctor Seuss won a Pulitzer Prize (普利策奖). He was honored for the education and enjoyment his books provided American children and their parents.
He died at the age of 87, but his influence remains. Millions of his books have been sold worldwide. People say his books helped change the way American children learned to read. Yet, his books are loved by people of all ages. Doctor Seuss once said, "I do not write for children. I write for people. "

1. Are Doctor Seuss's books very popular with young readers?
                                                 
2. Were many children's books interesting or boring according to the report in 1954?
                                                 
3. When did he write the book The Cat in the Hat?
                                                 
4. How many words does the book Green Eggs and Ham have?
                                                 
5. What did Doctor Seuss achieve in his life?
                                                 

24．题目①
老师是蜡烛, 燃烧了自己, 照亮了我们;老师是园丁, 辛苦了自己, 灌溉了我们;老师是蜜蜂, 劳累了自己, 哺育了我们. .. .. .在你的校园学习和生活中, 你一定能够体会到老师对你的关爱.
某英语网站正在开展以"My Favourite Teacher"为主题的征文活动. 假如你是李华, 请用英语以"My Favourite Teacher" 为题写一篇文章, 谈谈你最喜欢的老师. 他(她)教什么学科?并描述一下这位老师的外貌, 以及你喜欢这位老师的原因.
提示词语: teach, tall, kind, helpful, help, improve, thank. ..
提示问题:
1. What subject does your favourite teacher teach?
2. What does he/ she look like?
3. Why do you like him/her best?
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25． 今年一场突如其来的新冠疫情(COVD19 pandemic)虽然阻挡了我们如期回归校园, 却阻挡不了我们学习的脚步. 在"停课不停学"的日子里, 我们的老师使用网络在"云端"为我们上课. 我们通过一段时间的学习, 渐渐习惯了"线上网络学习".
某英语网站正在开展以"线上网络学习"为主题的征文活动. 假如你是李华, 请用英语写一篇短文投稿, 谈谈为了提高学习效率, 你做过什么, 以及这样做给你带来的好处.
提示词语: study online, first, what's more, make a timetable, take notes,
listen carefully, learn to manage time, make progress. . .
提示问题:
1. What did you do to learn better at home?
2. What did you learn from doing so?
Studying online plays an important role during the COVID19 pandemic.
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