13．Winners Are Made, Not Born
No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own (1)        . I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago. I took the head coaching job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the (2)        team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to (3)        the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment, we were defeated(击败).
Thinking hard about it, I came to realize that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my(4)        about their ability and potential(潜力).
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little pride. Most importantly, I began to (5)        them like winners. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their vacations, we met every day and practiced passing and kicking the football.
Six months after suffering our defeat on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to (6)        . Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a victory for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest (7)        of my life!
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them. I helped them to see themselves (8)        , and they built themselves into winners.

14． Creative and New Ideas from Teenagers
Teenagers are known for being creative and full of new ideas. Let's have a look at these teenage inventions that might change the world.

15． Best Trip I've Ever Had
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when she heard a worried voice over the loudspeaker:"Does anyone on board know American Sign Language? We need your help."
Clara, a fifteen-year-old girl at the time, pressed the call button. An air hostess came by and explained the situation. "We have a passenger on the plane who's blind and deaf, " she said. "The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the air hostesses couldn't understand what he needed. "
Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help blind and deaf people and she knew she'd be able to finger spell into the man's palm. So she rose from her seat, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt (跪) by the seat of Tim Cook, a sixty-four man. Gently taking his hand, she signed, "How are you? Are you OK?" Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat.
She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while. "He didn't need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk, "Clara said.
So, for the next hour, that's what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future. Cook told Clara how he had become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman.
"Even though he couldn't see her, she looked attentively (聚精会神地) at his face with such kindness,"a passenger reported.
"Clara was amazing,"an air hostess told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. "You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such an angel."

16． However exciting space travel sounds, astronauts must still suffer with bad food. Now, food in space has to be dehydrated (使脱水) or pre-cooked and stored. This means astronauts aren't really eating fresh food.
New technology may change this. Scientific American reports that a specially-designed oven will be sent into space this autumn with NASA's NG-12 cargo (货物). Far from the common vacuum-packed (真空包装的) meals, astronauts may get to enjoy freshly baked cookies before the end of 2019.
Why aren't they baking cookies in space already?
For one thing, there's the risk of a fire. Engineers also have to overcome the challenge of microgravity, which prevents heat from circling inside ovens the same way it does on Earth.
Astronauts will still have to wait a while before they can have their cookies, though. After baking, the results will be sent back to Earth for safety testing. If successful, this will be the first oven to bake food in space.
"I believe. . . that will be game﹣changing for both science and astronauts, "food technology researcher Maeena Naman Shafiee told Scientific American.
One of the main driving forces behind this project has been NASA's 2018 research into the effects of " confinement (封闭) and isolation (隔离)". Unlike on the International Space Station(ISS), astronauts traveling out of Earth's orbit may not be able to speak to their loved ones on future missions, which could lead to negative feelings.
It's hoped that the chance to bake and sense familiar smells can bring joy to crews (宇航人员).
"Is the ISS going to smell like fresh-baked cookies? We don't know, "said NanoRacks' communications manager Abby Dickes. "But that's a feeling we all know and love. . . that will make someone feel at home."
Baking cookies in space would mark an important step, offering a small comfort in the difficult and unfamiliar environment of space travel. Astronauts have already grown plants aboard the ISS.
With commercial (商业的) space travel now being planned, who knows what other developments may surprise us in the future.

17． Audio Texts Signal Rise of New Literacy
Many people read physical books or e﹣books, but now there is a new trend﹣listening to audiobooks (有声读物).
According to a recent report by the Chinese Academy of Press and Publication(CAPP), more people are choosing to listen to audiobooks these days.
To be specific, 26 percent of adults listened to audiobooks in 2018, which was 3. 2 percentage higher than that in 2017.
Young people have been the main driver in the development of audiobooks. Some 26. 2 percent of teenagers listened to audiobooks in 2018, which was 3. 5 percent higher than that in 2017. Ximalaya noted that the value of audiobook purchases made by those aged 13 to 18 in 2018 increased by 330 percent over that of 2017, the Beijing Evening News reported.
One of the reasons that audiobooks are becoming increasingly popular is that people want to get more use out of their free time, China News Service reported. Listening to e-books frees up time for them, whether they are at the gym, on a bus, or in bed. Faster internet speeds mean that a book can be downloaded in seconds, according to Wei Yushan, director of CAPP.
Listening to audiobooks also helps with loneliness. "When I feel bored or lonely, listening to audiobooks makes me feel that there is someone accompanying (陪伴) me, "Zhong Yan, an office worker who is obessed with audiobooks, told the Beijing Evening News.
However, audiobooks are still far from perfect. "Listening to audiobooks doesn't make you think in the way you do when you're reading a book. It's also likely that you will miss information while you listen," said Zhong.
Qiang Qiang, a primary student who often listens to audiobooks, shares this perspective:" Despite (即使;尽管) its convenience, audiobooks are less detailed than physical books you read, "he told the Beijing Evening News.
Li Yini, assistant general manager of Baicaoyuan Bookstore in Wuxi, Jiangsu province, told Jiangnan Times that people who want a book with serious content should choose a paper book or e-book, but they can choose an audiobook if the content is easy to understand.

18．Let's Save Our Language Heritage
Each year on Feb 21, UNESCO holds an International Mother Language Day(IMLD). The event is to draw attention to the disappearance of the world's languages:dozens of them are vanishing each year. UNESCO sees this as a tragedy (悲剧), and with good reason.
What happens when a language dies out? Something huge is lost﹣not just sounds and marks but the way that people make sense of the world and communicate with each other. And it is through language that we have culture and tradition. Kill a language and all this is killed too.
Through IMLD, more people are becoming aware of the destruction of linguistic (语言学的) diversity in modern times and trying to stop it. Google's 2012 Endangered Languages Project is a good example. Speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload text, audio and video files to the project site. They want to introduce people to the wonders of the way that people communicate and express themselves around the world.
The Myaamia Project is a similar kind of effort. This is an attempt to revive (重新使用) the language spoken by the Miami and Illinois tribes (部落) of the US. Project members work to encourage people to study and communicate with this language, which formally died out in the 1960s.
These activities, which breathe life into languages on the verge (边缘) of extinction, might seem old-fashioned to some. But those who work to keep languages alive are not enslaved (束缚) to the past. They are enthusiastic young people who design apps and use social media to champion their activities. As the US-based social event calendar website Upcoming puts it, they"spread the word" to save the word.
So, while the problem of disappearing languages remains a very serious one, there is hope. We all have a special feeling for our mother tongue, although those of us who speak one that is not endangered might not always be aware of it. This is why we should recall (回忆) the wise words of the late president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela:"If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language, that goes to his heart. "
1. When is International Mother Language Day?
                                            
2. What happens when a language dies out?
                                            
3. What is Google's 2012 Endangered Languages Project?
                                            
4. What can we know from Paragraph 5?
                                            
5. Why did the author mention Nelson Mandela's words?
                                            

19．假如你是李华, 打算邀请你校的美国交换生Peter于本周六下午4点一起去参加读书俱乐部.请你用英语写一封邀请信, 告诉他你们见面的时间、地点,
以及活动内容和邀请他的原因.
提示词语:Reading Club, listen to the lecture(讲座), share
提示问题:1.When and where are you going to meet?
2.What are you going to do?
3. Why do you invite him?

20．每个人心中都有一个自己的榜样, 他们无时无刻都在激励着我们克服困难, 勇往直前.
某英文网站正在开展以“My Role Model”为主题的征文活动.假如你是李华, 请用英语写一篇短文投稿, 谈谈你心中的榜样.主要内容包括:你心中的榜样是谁, 为什么他/她会成为你的榜样, 以及你从他/她身上学到了什么.
提示词语:example, hard﹣working, helpful, successful
提示问题:1.Who is your role model?
2.Why is he/she your role model?
3.What have you learned from him/her?